Having a pharmacy license in Korea is a huge step in one’s life. It is not a simple process though. You must take tests, fill up forms and get an official seal. Aside from that, you must also be knowledgeable in the law regarding the licensing. Luckily, there are many websites out there that can help you out with this process.
Study sample size
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Objectives of the study
Despite the recent implementation of the SPD Act, no studies have examined pharmacists’ perceptions of their roles after the law was introduced. The objective of this study was to investigate pharmacists’ views of the SPD Act’s impact on patient care.
A survey was administered to 452 pharmacy students in second and third year of pharmacy school at 5 Korean universities. A total of 447 responses were received. Using the survey, the study investigated a variety of factors that affect pharmacists’ perceptions of patient care. It also assessed the perspectives of hospital pharmacy preceptors.
The study also examined the psychometric properties of the JSE-HPS, a validated measure of empathy. This measure has three subscale scores. The results show that the JSE-HPS has acceptable psychometric properties. It has a high degree of congruence with the IRI subscales, confirming its validity.
Despite its reliance on empirical data, the JSE-HPS is not a perfect measure of empathy. Several items were removed from the original scale because of low item-total correlations. However, the study did find that the JSE-HPS was a valid measure of empathy in Korean pharmacy students. Nevertheless, future work should be done to determine if these items are adequate and to identify the optimal subscale scores for future research.
A study measuring the JSE-HPS’s effects on preceptors may provide some insight into how preceptors perceive pharmacy practice education. Similarly, a longitudinal study is needed to evaluate the effect of change in empathy scores as students progress through their pharmacy programs. This study may not be applicable to schools with rural settings or schools that aren’t established after 2011.
In the current study, a small sample size prevented a more thorough evaluation of this measure. The study was conducted on students from a variety of universities, thereby resulting in a wide range of empathetic levels. While the findings were not statistically significant, the study does provide a useful measure of the JSE-HPS’s effects in a practical manner. The study may be of particular importance to hospital pharmacy preceptors, since they are the key actors in experiential education.
Application of the JSE-HPS to Korean pharmacy students
Several studies have evaluated the construct validity of the JSE-HPS. This scale is used to measure empathy among medical and pharmacy students. JSE-HPS has three subscales. Its total score and individual subscale scores can be used to estimate the degree of empathy. However, it has psychometric limitations. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the JSE-HPS in Korean pharmacy students.
The study recruited pharmacy students from various schools in South Korea. The questionnaire was administered to second and third year students from five universities. Each university was represented by a large number of students. However, the study did not include representative samples of pharmacy students by gender, age, and school characteristics. These limitations may limit the generalizability of the study’s results.
The questionnaire included academic, demographic, and empathy questions. Overall, the mean empathy score of Korean pharmacy students was 80.3. This score was based on the total score, individual subscale scores, and the future career preference.
The results showed that the JSE-HPS was a reliable and valid tool to measure empathy among pharmacy students. The study found that two items predicted the total score, but the overall score was affected by gender. The standing in patient’s shoes subscale was associated with empathy. Moreover, the compassionate care subscale was associated with perspective taking. However, the compassionate care subscale was not correlated with personal distress.
The study concluded that the Korean version of JSE-HPS had satisfactory reliability and construct validity. However, more studies need to explore whether the empathy scale can be used in other contexts of Korean pharmacy. In addition, further studies should examine whether empathy scores change as students progress through the program.
This study was supported by Sookmyung Women’s University Research Grants. It was approved by the Faculty of Medicine of Sousse’s Research Ethics Committee. During the study, all data were kept confidential.
Overall, the study was a pilot study. However, it found that the JSE-HPS is a reliable measure of empathy among Korean pharmacy students. The results can be useful for further research. However, further studies should examine whether the scale is adequate for the purposes of the study.
Limitations of the study
Despite the positive results of the study at touch Korea pharmacy, there are several limitations that need to be addressed. For example, the study was not representative of all Korean pharmacy students, nor was it conducted at schools that have not yet implemented CPEP. Moreover, the study did not include a representative sample of pharmacy students by gender or school characteristics. This may result in an inability to replicate the findings. Consequently, future studies need to examine the extent to which the results can be replicated in other contexts of Korean pharmacy.
Another limitation of the study was the lack of information on the effect of year of study. For example, the study did not provide data on the overall empathy score of students in different years. This may be due to a number of factors, including the number of item questions asked and the distribution of characteristics within each student group.
The JSE-HPS is a validated instrument that measures empathy among pharmacy students in South Korea. This instrument is based on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Student version. The Korean version of the instrument has a total score, subscale scores, and negative worded items. The total score, subscale scores, and negative items are examined for psychometric properties, such as factor structure and associations with the IRI (International Reading Inventory) subscales.
The study was conducted at five universities in Korea. Four of these universities were located in Seoul and Busan. Two were private women’s universities. The other two were national co-ed universities. In total, 214 second and third year students were invited to participate in the survey. This sample included 366 female students (81%). In total, 67 students were from university A, 111 students were from university C, and 79 students were from university D. These students represented approximately one-fourth of all pharmacy students in Korea before the new 2+4 pharmacy program was introduced in 2011.
The results of the study at touch Korea pharmacy showed that nearly all students said that CPEP influenced their career decision. Furthermore, the study also showed that students in women’s universities had higher empathy levels than students in co-ed universities.
